European Energy Market Essay Example

European Energy Market Paper 1. What do you think are the economic benefits of liberalizing the EU energy market? Who stands to gain the most from liberalization? -Economic benefits: The consumers would have freedom to choose their energy providers and probably could lower the costs. They will have improved service quality as they will have variety of producers. Energy providers can improve efficiency through innovation to be competitive which in turn will also reduce prices. Larger utilities should be able to realize economies of scale which will able them to compete more effectively. The consumers and businesses would gain the most from liberalization: Consumers could get the best lowest prices possible from producers; better production with the use of innovative technology. Business would have more business in the competitive market and could gain more profit. 2. What are the implications of liberalization for energy producers in the EU? How will the environment they face change after liberalization? What act ions will they have to take? -Implications: Replace the markets of its 27 member states with a single continent wide market for electricity and gas. The majority market shares would be acquired and dominated by a large single enterprise eg: Electric de France. -Changes in environment after liberalization: There are a lot of acquisitions and mergers in the energy markets. Politicians and governments try to protect their firms from other competitions with regulations. Bigger firms will try to acquire firms in local country. -Actions: Government would impose conditions to stop foreign companies from acquiring local companies. The local authorities would try to protect the local company advantages. 3. Why is the deintegration of large energy companies seen as such an important part of any attempt to liberalize the EU energy market? -There are vertically integrated producers consists of utilities that are producing, transmitting and selling power which made the markets lack of liquidity. The deintegration of biggest companies will encourage smaller companies to be active in the market. We will write a custom essay sample on European Energy Market specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on European Energy Market specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on European Energy Market specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There will be fair competition and energy firms could compete with each other. -To reduce the barrier in doing cross-border transmission in national markets. Barrier to do cross-border transmission is the oppositions from various parties in the country which hinders the foreign companies to enter the national market in order to protect their integrated companies. If deintegration is done by the country, there would be more operators in the energy market that will encourage competition; increase affordability and dependability of the services. . Why do you think progress towards the liberalization of the EU energy market has been fairly slow so far? -The countries have been trying to protect their local small energy companies from the large foreign companies. -The governments and national companies try to protect their own industry from the foreign companies to maintain their market share in the industry. -Only the big firms are ready to face their competitors and increase their marke t share and power in Europe.

Communication Plan of Blu E

Communication Plan of Blu E A communication plan refers to a road map that is aimed at passing messages to the audience. The communication plan is an extremely vital tool when dealing with a novel product. This is because it influences the public relations management, corporate affairs, human resources, and marketing. Therefore, Blu E- Cig will spend adequate time planning the approach that will be used to ensure that the desired outcomes are achieved.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Plan of Blu E- Cig specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A communication plan will be necessary to ensure the successful launch of Blu E- cigarette in the German (domestic) and United Kingdom (universal) markets. This paper aims at discussing the principal factors in managing and developing a successful marketing communication plan, advertising and promotion programs that will be used, and technology trends that will assist in marketing the new product. Ke y Factors in Managing and Developing an Effective Marketing Communications Plan A marketing communication is one of the components of the marketing mix. It is imperative for the company to acquire knowledge on how personal selling, public relations, direct marketing, and advertising will be used to inform the potential customers about the product’s existence and the value it will bring to them (Kotler Keller, 2006). Moreover, the marketing department should be aware that the communication process has nine elements, which will be handled appropriately to ensure that the potential customers’ tendencies of recall, distortion, and selective attention are managed properly. The first step towards the development of an effective communication plan will be having a clear goal why the plan is necessary. Measurement will also be carried out in the beginning. The marketing department will define what will be assessed and how this will be achieved. The communication plan will be executed in a consistent and disciplined manner. Moreover, the messages will be specific to the target market and appropriate for the various delivery channels. Promotion and Advertising Programs Blu E-cigarette will be advertised through the use of public relations and sales promotion. Sales promotion will involve a wide array of short- term enticement strategies. These will purpose at promoting the trade, markets, and the sales force at the company.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More More funds will be dedicated towards sales promotions. Strategic tools such as point-of-sale, demonstrations, displays, tie-in promotions, product warranties, free trials, patronage rewards, prizes, premiums, price packs, cash refund offers, coupons, and samples will be used (Kotler Keller, 2006). The internet will be used mostly when advertising the new product. There will be the use of branded chat rooms, sponsored websites, advertorials, and banners. Moreover, print advertisements such as direct mail, newsletters, magazines, and newspapers (Bourlakis Weightman, 2009). Technology Trends The company will have a keen interest to understand the customers’ and competitors’ opinions regarding the new product. Therefore, the company will engage in communication through the use of Wikipedia, Twitter, Facebook, pod casts, newsgroups, search engine results, and blogs. The company will use buzz monitoring tools such as Google Reader, YackTrack, Social Mention, YouTube, BoardReader, and Serph. Knowing these opinions is important since they influence customers’ behaviors and attitudes. Therefore, products will be fashioned to meet the clients’ needs. Conclusion To ensure that Blu E- cigarettes are marketed effectively in Germany and United Kingdom, several factors will be considered when managing and developing the communication plan. In additi on, the company will use a wide array of marketing and promotion strategies. Technological trends will be vital in learning about the consumers’ behaviors and attitudes. References Bourlakis, M., Weightman, P. (2009). Food Supply Chain Management. London: John Wiley Sons. Kotler, P., Keller, K. L. (2006). Marketing management (12th ed.). New York: The University of Phoenix.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Plan of Blu E- Cig specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Accounting Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Accounting Theory - Essay Example The branch of accounting that involves systematic statement of principles and methodology, as distinct from practice is known as accounting theory (Porwal, 2001 7). The purpose of this is to provide a set of principles and relationships which explain practices that are observed in the real world and predict practices that are unobserved (Schroeder et al., 2010 1). If one wishes to experience firsthand the level of confusion it can create, they should observe how Chinese companies issue three different categories of shares – ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘H’ which are traded in three different markets by three distinct categories of shareholders. Category ‘A’ type shares are meant only for domestic investors and are transacted Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets. Category ‘B’ shares are traded in the same stock exchange but only by foreign investors and category ‘H’ shares are traded in Hong Kong stock exchange. So, while issuing ‘A’ category shares a Chinese company has to adhere to Chinese Accounting Standard (CAS), and while issuing ‘B’ category shares it has to follow International Accounting Standard (IAS) and while issuing ‘H’ category shares it has to format its accounts as required by Hong Kong Accounting Standard (HKAS). So, a mu ltiplicity of accounting standards, quite obviously, generates financial information of disparate levels of transparency and detailing. Hence it is becoming increasingly difficult for stakeholders to unquestioningly rely on information provided in the financial statements (Chen and Wei 2008 1). Such a lack of convergence among various accounting standards surely lead up to an extremely confusing scenario especially in an era of globalization when capital is freely flowing across continents and frontiers. Though one cannot disregard the local expediencies there must still be sufficient disclosures so

Reading commentary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Reading commentary - Essay Example I find his questions on the part that he addresses the issue of â€Å"Holiness† of the church particularly interesting. He asks how a church that has been implicated in many atrocities over the years be declared â€Å"Holy†. He gives example of the church’s support for the torture, slavery, and persecution of Galileo and Giordano Bruno2. To me this is extremely interesting given that during the introductory part of the chapter he uses the story of Saul to explain a view. The story of Saul from the Acts 9:4 that he quotes shows a man who was prosecuting GODs people, but in the end GOD chose and purified him. After Saul getting to know that prosecuting and punishing Christians, he was acting against the will of GOD; he changes and proclaims the Word. Therefore, that quote can be used by Robert Barron to answer his questions about the involvement of the church in the example of persecutions that he gives, instead he chooses not

Diplomatic Relations between Countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diplomatic Relations between Countries - Essay Example For example, there is "rupture" which is often used to refer to a breach of diplomatic relations. However, it may also connote a lesser deterioration in relations between two states.1 Lesser deterioration is what may generally obtain in diplomatic relations and not complete breakdown which implies belligerent status such as war. Diplomatic relations are rather complex in that both relationship issues and substantive issues maybe involved. The first refers to the way countries deal with each other, whether logically or emotionally, clearly or ambiguously, honestly or deceptively.2 The second concern issues that are the subjects of discrete negotiations, for example, the terms of a treaty, the price of one product, the levels of armaments.3 Apparently, when relationship is not problematic, substantive issues are easier to deal with. History is replete with accounts of diplomatic relations gone sour and broken down, followed by corresponding actions taken. A complete breakdown is a serious matter, implying that the countries involved are not interested even in the future where they can be friends. 4 Nevertheless, there are ways of salvaging fledgling relationships, but they need to follow some basic principles. For this portion, this paper largely centers on discussions of Scott Brown,5 a founding member of the acclaimed Harvard Negotiation Project. Brown advises to be unconditionally constructive on relationship issues. He states that indeed, many diplomatic relations function poorly, and he explains why and how they can be improved. II. Diplomatic Relations Before any substantive issue is to be dealt with, relationship issues must be looked into. There are six categories of relationship issues according to Brown: 6 the balance of emotion with reason between the two countries; their level of common understanding; the extent and nature of communication between them; the degree of trust between the two; the level of coercion as a method of influence; and, the degree of acceptance of the legitimacy of the negotiating partner. Diplomatic relations may therefore be said to have strong correlations with understanding, communication, trust, influence, and acceptance of negotiator. If something is wrong with any of these, the diplomatic relation may not be exactly wholesome but tittering on the brink of rupture. A. Mediated relationships. Diplomatic relations may be understood as special relationships between countries where they ink agreements, whether economic, political, social, and the like. These relations are specially firmed up with treaties to keep peace and order in the region, and at times with the involvement of a bigger power. The Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 was signed into law for the purpose of establishing a new relationship with Taiwan after U.S. recognized the People's Republic of China.(PRC)7 One thing that plagues Taiwan seemingly forever is its determination to be the China, and the United States in this case acts as mediator. Since it is the PRC that the United States has recognized, it also has to chalk up a relationship with Taiwan. In Wen Jiabao's 8 speech hosted by nine American Organizations, he said that people sincerely hope to see a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question in the midst of Taiwan's separatist tendencies. Batting for the One China policy, and challenging America to understand it, Wen Jiabao

Risk management by indian banks

Risk management by indian banks Case analysis: Risk management by Indian banks The banking and financial crises in recent years in emerging economies have demonstrated that, when things go wrong with the financial system, they can result in a severe economic downturn. From this perspective, financial sector reforms are essential in order to avoid such costs. These reforms have become the tools for banks to manage risk. Some of the tools are: 1) Interest Rate Scenario The first important issue that I would like to highlight relates to interest rates. Interest rates reflect strongly to inflation rates, there has been a distinct downward drift in the inflation rate during the second half of the 1990s, which is now at around half the level as compared with the first half of the 1990s. Both the popular measures of inflation the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and the Consumer Price Index (CPI) have shown a definite fall in the recent period. This is clearly reflected in the downward trend in nominal interest rates. The banks have also reduced their deposit rates. But the lending rates of banks have not come down as much. While banks have reduced their prime lending rates (PLRs) to some extent and are also extending sub-PLR loans and effective lending rates continue to remain high (Table 1 and Chart 1). 2) Lending to Small and Medium Enterprises Banks have now understood the problems with lending large organizations. The large organization not only reduces the interest rates by bargaining but also makes default payments by which banks are under tremendous risk, and hence banks are now making a move to provide more loans to small and medium enterprises. 3) Revival of Long-Term Financing The development finance institutions (DFIs) were set up in the 1950s to provide medium and long-term finance to the private sector. Many of these institutions were sponsored by the Government. DFIs were expected to resolve long-term credit shortages and to acquire and disseminate skills necessary to assess projects and banks creditworthiness. The current trend is of DFIs converting themselves into banks. In this context, the future of long-term lending acquires great importance. 4) Non-Performing Assets As of March 31, 2002, the gross NPAs of scheduled commercial banks stood at Rs.71,000 crore, of which the NPAs of public sector banks constituted Rs.57,000 crore. The absolute amount of NPAs continues to be a major drag on the performance of banks. Banks uses the process of securitisation of assets to remove NPAs from the balance sheets. 5) Investing in government securities: In the current interest rate environment, banks are finding it more profitable to invest in government securities. In 2001-02, trading profits of public sector banks more than doubled to Rs.5,999 crore from Rs.2,250 crore in 2000-01. The net profits of these banks during these two years were Rs.4,317 crore and Rs.8,301 crore respectively and this includes an additional Rs.1,365 crore and Rs.1,547 crore from forex operations. The Reserve Bank has been encouraging banks to be proactive in risk management and banks have been directed to maintain a certain level of Investment Fluctuation Reserve (IFR). TABLE 1 : REAL INTEREST RATES Year Weighted Weighted Average Average Inflation Rate Real Interest Rate Ended Average Average Cost of Cost of WPI Manufact- CPI-IW Borrowers Central Depositors March Lending Interest Rate Aggregate Time uring Price Government Rate of of Central Deposits Deposits SCBs Government of SCBs of SCBs Securities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9=(2-7) 10=(3-6) 11=(5-8) 1990-91 15.0 11.4 8.1 10.6 10.3 8.4 4.6 6.6 1.1 6.0 1991-92 16.5 11.8 7.1 9.1 13.7 11.3 13.5 5.2 -1.9 -4.4 1992-93 16.8 12.5 7.7 9.6 10.1 10.9 9.6 5.9 2.4 0.0 1993-94 16.5 12.6 6.9 8.7 8.4 7.8 7.5 8.7 4.2 1.2 1994-95 16.1 11.9 6.4 7.0 12.5 12.2 10.1 3.9 -0.6 -3.1 1995-96 17.1 13.8 6.9 8.5 8.1 8.6 10.2 8.5 5.7 -1.7 1996-97 16.9 13.7 7.6 9.4 4.6 2.1 9.4 14.8 9.1 0.0 1997-98 16.3 12.0 7.3 8.8 4.4 2.9 6.8 13.4 7.6 2.0 1998-99 15.5 11.9 7.4 8.9 5.9 4.4 13.1 11.1 6.0 -4.2 1999-00 15.0 11.8 7.1 8.6 3.3 2.7 3.4 12.3 8.5 5.2 2000-01 14.3 11.0 6.8 8.1 7.2 3.3 3.8 11.0 3.8 4.3 2001-02 13.9 9.4 7.0* 8.3* 3.6 1.8 4.3 12.1 5.8 4.0 Average 1990-91 to 1995-96 16.3 12.3 7.2 8.9 10.5 9.9 10.4 6.5 1.8 -0.3 1996-97 to 2001-02 15.3 11.6 7.2 8.7 4.8 2.9 6.8 12.5 6.8 1.9 Table 2 : Comparative Position of International Real Interest Rates Country / Money Long-term Prime Rate Inflation Rate GDP Growth Period Average Market Rate G-sec Yield United States 1991 to 1996 1.50 3.71 4.40 3.09 2.58 1997 to 2001 2.73 3.20 5.73 2.46 3.37 United Kingdom 1991 to 1996 4.05 5.30 4.25 3.25 1.92 1997 to 2001 3.40 2.77 3.46 2.57 2.76 Germany 1991 to 1996 3.63 4.09 9.04 2.85 3.20 1997 to 2001 1.99 3.17 7.75 1.57 1.75 Japan 1991 to 1996 2.00 2.78 3.57 1.16 1.74 1997 to 2001 0.09 1.40 2.07 0.13 0.69 Korea 1991 to 1996 7.50 7.21 3.16 5.99 7.35 1997 to 2001 4.79 5.85 6.74 3.82 4.31 Thailand 1991 to 1996 3.71 5.78 7.74 4.97 8.17 1997 to 2001 3.22 4.65 6.98 3.44 -0.20 China 1991 to 1996 N.A. N.A. -2.09 12.32 11.61 1997 to 2001 N.A. N.A. 6.28 0.23 7.93 India 1991 to 1996 3.43 N.A. 6.57 10.52 5.41 1997 to 2001 3.40 5.87 7.62 5.08 6.14 Hungary 1991 to 1996 N.A. N.A. 5.11 25.04 -1.63 1997 to 2001 N.A. N.A. 4.13 12.29 4.52

Bad Coffee :: essays research papers

It was a cold and damp morning, the moisture stuck to skin like flies to fly paper. The loud â€Å"thud thud thud† of the helicopters had awaken me from my trance, after two and half hours of sleep. I had risen just in time for a fresh cup of coffee when all of the sudden a chopper touched down just outside the barracks kicking up all the debris and dirt it could find. The night before had been a hellish one, the mortar blasts and screams of my fellow soldiers had kept me awake nearly all night. And how, my coffee had been ruined by the damn helicopter. I was in the worst place on Earth, Saigon, in 1968. Definitely the wrong place at the wrong time. My orders were simple, so I thought. Meet up with a group of Green Berets just outside of enemy lines, and go north to a small village controlled by American troops, we would get more information soon after we had arrived. That was it, just like king of the hill when I was kid. I met up with my partners in a joint called the Lucky Money, a real run down place, the air filled with stale smoke and the scent of plastic palm trees. Let’s just say the Lucky Money had seen better days. Hell just four months ago Bob Hope had occupied that vacant stage. The atmosphere was filled with tension. At the drop of a pin the whole environment could erupt into total chaos, half the time shoot outs would start in the street just from punks tossing rocks around. The guys I met up with were worn down, not one of them had a good night’s rest in at least a month, you could see it in their eyes. All they wanted was a ride home, and they were going to do anything and everything in their power to get home. The leader of the group, Colonel Jake Denton, had been here two damn years. He didn’t have much to say except he missed his kids. The other three were all from Texas, but none of them knew each other until the army put them together. The mousy looking kid was from Dallas, and he always had a cigarette hanging from his lip, a sure sign of the stress that was building inside him, his name was Jon Weinhard.

Book Review of 1491 by Charles C. Mann Essay

With 1491:New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus Charles C. Mann has written an extremely interesting and controversial book. Beginning in 1983 Mann began to become aware that research had indicated the commonly held view of the settling of the Americas was wrong. The commonly held and taught belief that the Americas were inhabited by people who crossed the Bering Sea from Europe about 13,000 years ago was wrong. Allegedly these people lived in small, isolated groups that had little impact on the environment. Instead Mann, with considerable documentation and research by scientists, archeologists and geographers supporting this view, argues that the Americas were inhabited thousands of years earlier, existed in far larger numbers, and had been â€Å"successful at imposing their will on the landscape that in 1492 Columbus set foot in a hemisphere thoroughly marked by humankind† (Mann, 1491, 4). Spurred by what he had seen and read and by the fact that his son was being taught the same thing Mann had been taught in high school thirty years earlier, he wrote a book that â€Å"explores what I [he] believes to be the three main foci of the new findings: Indian demography . . . Indian origins . . . and Indian ecology† (Mann, 1491, x-xi). Mann begins his book by discussing the notion of the â€Å"Noble Savage,† a concept that began in the early sixteenth century. This position is the notion that the indigenous people of the Americas lived an idyllic life prior to the arrival of Columbus or were savage barbarians who did nothing constructive. Mann cites Bartolomà © de Las Casas a conquistador who had visited the Americas who believed â€Å"Indians were natural creatures who dwelt, gentle as cows . . . waiting for millennia—for Christian instruction† (Mann, 1491, 12-14). In essence this view is that of a colonist who came to the Americas looking for signs of the Old World. Since the Native Americans apparently did not have as dramatic an impact on the environment subsequent generations viewed the pre-Colombian people as either innocents or as barbarians. Both accounts showed the prejudice that these people lacked â€Å"agency—they were not actors in their own right, but passive recipients of whatever windfalls or disasters happenstance put in their way† (Mann, 1491, 12). It would be interesting to examine the European migration into the Americas from the point of view of the indigenous people. Mann cites studies that have called into question the notion that Native Americans first arrived in the Americas 13,000 years ago over a land bridge in the Bering Straits and slowly migrated drifted south and east until they populated the Americas. In 1987 people who had supported this view publicly admitted that there is clear evidence of human habitation in Chile more than 12,000 years ago. Consequently it is unlikely that natives would have migrated more than 7,000 miles in less than a millennium leaving people in their wake to form new groups of people who would create their own culture. In addition there is evidence suggesting habitation in Chile more than 20,000 years ago. Further exploration has revealed numerous indications of large civilizations throughout Mesoamerica and South America that had existed and ended well before the sixteen century. According to Mann the current view among scholars is that the Western Hemisphere was â€Å"a thriving, stunningly diverse place, a tumult of languages, trade, and culture, a region where tens of millions of people loved and hated and worshipped as people do everywhere† (Mann, 1491, 26-27). According to a 1999 United Nations estimate, the population of the earth in the beginning of the sixteenth century was about 500 million. Estimates by Dobyns and others indicate that by 1630, between 80 and 100 million Native Americans had been killed by a variety of epidemics including small pox, typhus, and influenza. These numbers suggest that nearly one fifth of the world’s population was killed by disease in the one hundred and fifty years after the arrival of Columbus (Mann, 1491, 94-96). According to Mann in 1491 the Inka (or Inca as it is more commonly spelled) was the largest empire on the planet. It was bigger than China, Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and bigger by far than any European state. It extended for more than thirty-two degrees of latitude (the United States has a latitude length of approximately twenty-five degrees of latitude though of course a much wider degree of longitude). The Inka had a goal that was remarkably similar to the Europeans; they want to â€Å"knit the different groups of South America . . . into a single bureaucratic framework under the direct rule of the emperor†(Mann, 1491, 66). They wanted to meld together the people’s religion, economics, and arts. At time they were brutal. They would remove people from their homelands by means of a road system of approximately 25,000 miles, the longest in the world and locate them to live with and work with other people who had also been displaced. They developed a system of accounting that used ropes with knots in a way remarkably similar to the binary mathematics use in today’s computers. Such an extensive and sophisticated government hardly supports the theory of the â€Å"Nobel Savage† living an idyllic life, doing nothing that affected their environment (Mann, 1491, 64-82). Interestingly, among those people who are reluctant to accept such an early arrival of Native Americans are Indian activists who do not wish to push the date of arrival of Native Americans further into the past. Particularly in light of the evidence that supports the notion that large civilizations such as the Incas and Aztecs were not the original inhabitants but had supplanted people that had arrived much earlier. If this were the case, the claim that their land was stolen by European immigrants is considerably weakened since the indigenous people at the time of Columbus were not the first to â€Å"own† the land, just the people who had most recently stolen the lands from the previous populations in the Americas. According to his website Mann is a journalist and writer. He is a correspondent for The Atlantic Monthly, Science, and Wired. He was written for a wide variety of magazines including: The New York Times Magazine, Forbes ASAP, Smithsonian, and The Washington Post. He has co-authored four other books. Mann’s writing tends to focus on â€Å"the intersection of science, technology, and commerce.† He is a three time National Magazine Award finalist and has received numerous awards from the American Bar Association, the American Institute of Physics, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and the Margaret Sanger Foundation. Mann’s credentials indicate that he is a well qualified writer and does careful research. Mann’s writing has a liberal edge to it that often seeks to correct common perceptions about the topics he chooses to write about: in this case the life of Native Americans before the arrival of Columbus. 1491 is a well-written, well-organized book. Mann provides a survey of research since the early 1950s when the â€Å"Noble Savage† theory of Native Americans was first popularized. Although Mann clearly has a position he wants to convey, he provides a fair presentation of other positions and explains why he believes the â€Å"Noble Savage† theory does not account for many discoveries and recent research. He writes in a very readable style without the many subordinate clauses and circumlocutions professional scholars are often given to. A nice feature of the book is the inclusion of maps and pictures located throughout the book instead of placing the maps on the flyleaf and having the pictures grouped together in the middle. Consequently, the impact of the pictures and maps is greater because they are pertinent to the nearby text. Mann provides ample endnotes both citation and explanatory notes that add to the authenticity of the text. The bibliography is comprehensive and lists use of a variety of scholarly journals from such disciplines as anthropology, geography, history and archeology among others. Mann’s writing is convincing. He provides considerable recently discovered information that contradicts the Noble Savage theory. It is apparent that people have lived throughout the Americas for a much longer time than the 13,000 years conventionally taught. Although future research and advanced technology will likely reveal new details and correct other errors, it is clear to that the indigenous people existed in much more sophisticated societies and in much larger numbers that has been believed. Works Cited Mann, Charles C. 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005 Mann, Charles C. â€Å"Charles C. Mann.† Charles Mann.org. 16 March 2007 .   

Free Essays on History

The United States of America was founded as a country where â€Å"all men are created equal†. That famous line is something that should have been kept out of the Constitution for almost a hundred years. The issue of slavery prevented our country from being a place where all men are equal. During the colonial period, two economic systems were created and separated by free and slave labor. These differences would spark a series of future events that would create a chasm in the United States called sectionalism. Sectionalism divided our country through social, political, and economic differences. These differences would culminate during the 1850s and would eventually ignite a divided Congress and country to fight a war it had already won- the war for freedom. When our country’s Constitution was drafted, the writers considered slavery an issue. Our country was born for men to live in freedom, yet a large portion of its population was held in slavery. How could the United States call its self a republic where â€Å"all men are created equal†? After the Constitution was drafted, Northerners began protests to end slavery everywhere, but only succeeded in ending the slave trade in most states. The dividing of people on the issue of slavery turned into the sectionalism that fueled the Civil War. During the early stages of growth from the 17th to middle 18th century, two distinct economies developed in the United States. In the North, farming drove the economy. The same farming economy developed into a world of artisans, creating the middle class. The middle class represented almost 65% of the population of the North, until the start of the Industrial Revolution. The South’s economy revolved around the plantation. Plantation owners were wealthy, but few in numbers, yet they held the majority of the land in the south. Slave labor drove the plantations of the South. The differences between the regions were small and insignifi... Free Essays on history Free Essays on history 17. VE 18. YÃÅ"ZYILLARDA OSMANLI-SEFEVà  à Là ÃƒÅ¾Kà LERà Nà N Hà STOGRAFYASI Histografya olaylarà ½n bir kaydà ½ olduà °u kadar onlarà ½n sonucudur da, ve bu yà ¼zden ià §inden à §Ãƒ ½ktà ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½ durumlara zamanà ½n à ¾artlarà ½na gà ¶re farklà ½ tepkiler vermesi beklenebilir. Ãâ€"nyargà ½larà ½nda ve varsayà ½mlarà ½nda, attà ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½ kadar kapsadà ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½ konularda, dà ¼zensiz insan ilià ¾kilerinin bir yansà ½masà ½dà ½r, ve en az bilgi verdià °i zamanlarda bile baà ¾ka hià §bir aà §Ãƒ ½k ifadenin ikna edici bir à ¾ekilde vermeyeceà °i veriler saà °lar. Bu veriler de tarihi anlamamà ½zda tarihler ve olaylar kadar deà °erlidir. Bundan à §Ãƒ ½kan sonuà § à ¾udur: tek baà ¾Ãƒ ½na hià §bir tarihi yazà ½ onun edebi geleneà °ine ve karakterini veren bireysellià °ini veren farklà ½là ½Ãƒ °Ãƒ ½nà ½n tabiatà ½nà ½ ve derecesini bilmeden anlaà ¾Ãƒ ½lamaz. Çà ¼nkà ¼ histoà °rafyanà ½n herhangi bir à ¾ekilde taktiri onu edebi bir tarz olarak deà °erlendirmesi ve dià °er edebi dallar ià §indeki farkà ½nà ½n geleneksel gereà §lerinin kesintisiz bir devamlà ½là ½Ãƒ °a sahip olmasà ½ olduà °unu taktir etmek gerekir. Bu devamlà ½là ½k sayesinde gelià ¾imi à ¶là §Ãƒ ¼lebilir ve deà °ià ¾ik uluslarà ½n tarihi yazà ½larà ½nà ½n farklà ½ aà §Ãƒ ½larà ½ndan ele alà ½n! abiblir. Bà ¶yle olan her eser, detaylarà ½nda ne kadar yetersiz ve eksik olsa da, kendi baà ¾Ãƒ ½na à ¶zel bir à ¶neme sahiptir ve en iyi benzerleriyle karà ¾Ãƒ ½Ãƒ ¾Ãƒ ½klà ½ tamamlayà ½cà ½là ½klarà ½na bakarak ve detaylardan à §ok genel duruma bakarak anlaà ¾Ãƒ ½labilir. Bu ifade her ne kadar histografyanà ½n tamamà ½na uyulanabilecek genel bir prensip olsa da à ran ve Osmanlà ½ tarihi yazà ½larà ½ ià §in, ki neredeyse tamamà ½ à ¶zà ¼nde eà °lendirme amaà §là ½dà ½r, inkar edilemez bir geà §erlilià °i vardà ½r. Resim yapmayan ve heykel yapmayan bir toplum hikaye yaratmaz bu yà ¼zden à slamdaki halk ve aà ¾k hikayeleri, ganimet alà ½nmà ½Ãƒ ¾ ve insan à ¶zellikleri silinmià ¾ portreler ve heykeller gibi, ya à slam à ¶ncesi kà ¶klere dayanà ½r ya da dià °er toplumlardan alà ½nmà ½Ãƒ ¾tà ½r. Dià °er toplumlarda mit kà ¼ltà ¼rà ¼yle karà ¾Ãƒ ½lanan in... Free Essays on History American History Discuss the European motives for expansion and colonization in the New World. Then describe the different colonial transplantations that occurred in Virginia, Maryland, and Massachusetts Bay. What were the major sources of friction between the Indians and the English in Virginia and Massachusetts Bay? One of the main reasons for the Europeans to travel to the New World was the population growth in Europe. With a rise in property values also came the expansion of commerce. Farmers stopped growing crops and began to raise sheep, because of better profits; this made a lot of the works that worked the land for the farmers out of jobs. Lands usually saved for renters where given to the sheep for grassing areas. It leads the landlords to look for places of new and more products. The landlords needed to look for new trade routes to Asia. The New World was a land of new opportunities. Europeans could start with a new begin and place problems from the Old World behind them. Others were using the New World as an escape from the Roman Catholic Church and the corrupt practices of the Bishops. The New World allowed for practices of other religions without prosecution. The English settlers tried to recreate the English society, but ended up making a society combined with English and Native American ways of life. Virginia settlements like the other settlements of 1600s had many problems and disasters. To start, their choice of the wrong site, but with good intentions. The main choice was for defense against Native Americans and easy access by ships. But, the site they chose was low and swampy. Which led to an outbreak of malaria and was within territory of powerful local Natives. What was supposed to be a new life for the settlers turned out to be misery and most cases death. The area was surrounded by dense woods, which made for poor farming. The settlers wanted nothing to do with the local Natives. The London Company who had sp... Free Essays on History It was President Woodrow Wilson’s belief that "To conquer with arms is to make only a temporary conquest; to conquer the world by earning its esteem is to make permanent conquest." In Wilson's time, America wanted to focus on its domestic problems Democrats and Republicans alike. Wilson made every effort to keep the United States out of World War I. In 1914, he announced that the U.S. would not take sides in the war. In 1917, frustrated with his efforts to mediate a peace, Wilson becomes convinced that both sides needed to cease hostilities. Shortly after, he declared war, saying the world needed to be safe for democracy. A year later, he listed his goals for a war-free world, including a League of Nations and the Fourteen Points. In 1918, the Germans surrendered, expecting a peace treaty from Wilson’s Fourteen Points. Wilson sought to create a new world order after World War I that simply did not include war as a legitimate tool of foreign policy. The first five points called for an end to secret treaties between nations, demanded freedom of navigating the seas, equal trading practices and elimination of protective tariffs, reduction of armaments, and an end to imperialism. The next eight points advocated self-determination to national minorities in Europe, specifically the Poles and Slavs in the east of Europe. Most significant, however, was the final point, calling for a "general association of nations" that would make "mutual guarantees of independence and territorial integrity," to be known as the League of Nations. However, many believe that the peace treaty signed led to WWII, which involved President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt was an advocator of neutrality acts designed to keep the United States out of another world war. Roosevelt did not share the isolationist sentiments that lay behind such legislation. But he hoped to avoid war. However, Germany's aggressiveness in 1939 forced Roosevelt to take a stronger po... Free Essays on History The United States of America was founded as a country where â€Å"all men are created equal†. That famous line is something that should have been kept out of the Constitution for almost a hundred years. The issue of slavery prevented our country from being a place where all men are equal. During the colonial period, two economic systems were created and separated by free and slave labor. These differences would spark a series of future events that would create a chasm in the United States called sectionalism. Sectionalism divided our country through social, political, and economic differences. These differences would culminate during the 1850s and would eventually ignite a divided Congress and country to fight a war it had already won- the war for freedom. When our country’s Constitution was drafted, the writers considered slavery an issue. Our country was born for men to live in freedom, yet a large portion of its population was held in slavery. How could the United States call its self a republic where â€Å"all men are created equal†? After the Constitution was drafted, Northerners began protests to end slavery everywhere, but only succeeded in ending the slave trade in most states. The dividing of people on the issue of slavery turned into the sectionalism that fueled the Civil War. During the early stages of growth from the 17th to middle 18th century, two distinct economies developed in the United States. In the North, farming drove the economy. The same farming economy developed into a world of artisans, creating the middle class. The middle class represented almost 65% of the population of the North, until the start of the Industrial Revolution. The South’s economy revolved around the plantation. Plantation owners were wealthy, but few in numbers, yet they held the majority of the land in the south. Slave labor drove the plantations of the South. The differences between the regions were small and insignifi... Free Essays on History The start of the modern science that we call "Computer Science" can be traced back to a long ago age where man still dwelled in caves or in the forest, and lived in groups for protection and survival from the harsher elements on the Earth. Many of these groups possessed some primitive form of animistic religion; they worshipped the sun, the moon, the trees, or sacred animals. Within the tribal group was one individual to whom fell the responsibility for the tribe's spiritual welfare. It was he or she who decided when to hold both the secret and public religious ceremonies, and interceded with the spirits on behalf of the tribe. In order to correctly hold the ceremonies to ensure good harvest in the fall and fertility in the spring, the shamans needed to be able to count the days or to track the seasons. From the shamanistic tradition, man developed the first primitive counting mechanisms counting notches on sticks or marks on walls. For over a thousand years after the Chinese invented the abacus, not much progress was made to automate counting and mathematics. The Greeks came up with numerous mathematical formulae and theorems, but all of the newly discovered math had to be worked out by hand. A mathematician was often a person who sat in the back room of an establishment with several others and they worked on the same problem. The redundant personnel working on the same problem were there to ensure the correctness of the answer. It could take weeks or months of labourious work by hand to verify the correctness of a proposed theorem. Most of the tables of integrals, logarithms, and trigonometric values were worked out this way, their accuracy unchecked until machines could generate the tables in far less time and with more accuracy than a team of humans could ever hope to achieve. By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become so well established and reliable that Howard Aiken, in collaboration with engineers at ... Free Essays on History The north won the civil war for many reasons.There are many factors that lead to the north’s victory.I will begin by mentioning the compromise of 1850.After Lincoln won the election, himself and Black Republican Allies pressured the states of Tennessee, Arkansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri and Delaware to remain in the union.Crittenden’s compromise restored the Missouri compromise line of 36/30 to California and guaranteed the national gov. would not bother with slave states that already existed.Anything north of this line was unconstitional.The territory was divided into the Nebraska and Kansas territories.The main issue was slavery.The free soil concept was the only thing that kept the American party and Republican party together.They were against the expansion of slavery.John Brown and 23 men of mixed color raided Harper’s Ferry to steal weapons and ammunition.The goal was for the blacks to kill the white slaveholders and families. Brown is captured and han gs himself.The Fall of Fort Sumter started started the civil war. The north had an overwhelming advantage in resources over the south.Northern white fighters outnumbered southern white fighters 3 to 1.The north had a bigger population because they believed in industrialization.The south believed in agriculture.The north dominated in the production of firearms (97%), railroads (96%), naval power, and better leadership.New technologies allowed them to develop a rifle musket that used minie balls that could fire up to 300 yards.General Winfield Scott gave Lincoln the idea to create a blockade on the south.It’s purpose was to cut the confederacy off from supply, putting political and economic pressure on them. At first, it was ineffective because of the massive size of the area they needed to cover (3,000 miles and almost 200 harbors to patrol).The union only had 42 ships. Winfield Scott creates a navy of 300,000 men to take over harbors and block off the south in a 3 year... Free Essays on History Although there had been a British and greater European presence in Africa prior to the last two decades of the 19th century it was primarily coastal and revolved around the slave trade. With the abolition of the slave trade within the British Empire in 1803 and a complete abolition of slavery across the empire in 1834 there was little interest in Africa by Britain until the end of the century. This lack of interest in Africa did not include The Cape Colony though, which the British gained at the end of the Napoleonic Wars and which served a key role in outfitting ships on the British trade route to India. The role and importance of Africa to the British soon changed though do to imperial competition with France and Germany. Germany under the aggressive policies of Bismarck set out to take a leading role in Africa and catch up to other European powers such as Britain and France in terms of empire by gaining new control over territory and expanding their spheres of influence. Other important factors made Africa the hot spot for British and European expansion including the discovery of gold in the Transvaal and diamonds in the Orange Free State, the palm oil industry in Nigeria, scientific discoveries such as the way to treat malaria, and the mapping and exploration of the previously mysterious African interior early in the 19th century. In order to explore the nature of British expansion in Africa Porter’s The Lion’s Share and T.O. Lloyds The British Empire 1558-1995 are indispensable texts. Using their information on British expansion throughout Africa as a foundation it becomes possible to break down the period of greatest growth between 1880 and 1900 by analyzing British role in Africa prior to 1880, the external roles that competitors such as Germany and France had in forcing England’s imperial hand coupled with the internal economic drives for procuring areas of Africa, and the special case and significance of the Cape Co...

Motorcycle and Hero Honda Essays

Motorcycle and Hero Honda Essays Motorcycle and Hero Honda Essay Motorcycle and Hero Honda Essay Index 1. Introduction to HERO MOTOCORP 2. Company Profile 3. List of Board of Directors 4. Awards and Achievements 5. 4P’s of the Company 6. Product Information 7. Product Mix 8. Segmentation 9. Distribution strategy 10. Competition 11. SWOT Analysis 12. Survey 13. Bibliography Hero MotoCorp  formerly  Hero Honda  is a  motorcycle  and  scooter manufacturer based in India. Hero Honda started in 1984 as a joint venture between  Hero cycles  of India and  Honda of Japan. The company is the largest two wheeler manufacturer in India. The 2006 Forbes 200 Most Respected companies list has Hero Honda Motors ranked at 108. In 2010, When Honda decided to  move out of the joint venture,  Hero Group bought the shares held by Honda. Subsequently, in August 2011 the company was renamed Hero MotoCorp with a new corporate identity Termination of Honda joint venture In December 2010, the Board of Directors of the Hero Honda Group have decided to terminate the joint venture between Hero Group of India and Honda of Japan in a phased manner. The Hero Group would buy out the 26% stake of the Honda in JV Hero Honda. Under the joint venture Hero Group could not export to international markets (except Sri Lanka) and the termination would mean that Hero Group can now export. Since the beginning, the Hero Group relied on their Japanese partner Honda for the technology in their bikes. So there are concerns that the Hero Group might not be able to sustain the performance of the Joint Venture alone Hero MotoCorp The new brand identity and logo, Hero MotoCorp, was developed by the London firm  Ã‚  The logo was revealed on 9 August 2011 in London, the day before the third  Test match between England and India. Hero MotoCorp can now export to Latin America, Africa and West Asia. Hero is free to use any vendors for its components instead of just Honda-approved vendors. Company’s performance During the fiscal year 2008-09, the company sold 3. 7 million bikes, a growth of 12% over last year. In the same year, the company had a market share of 57% in the Indian market. Hero Honda sells more two wheelers than the second, third and fourth placed two-wheeler companies put together. Hero Hondas bike  Hero Honda Splendor  sells more than one million units per year. Total unit sales of 54,02,444 two wheelers, growth of 17. 44 per cent Total net operating income of Rs. 19401. 15 Crores, growth of 22. 32 per cent Net profit after tax at Rs. 1927. 90 Crores Total dividend of 5250% or Rs. 105 per share including Interin Dividend of Rs. 70 per share on face value of each share of Rs. 2 each EBIDTA margin for the year 13. 49 per cent EPS of Rs. 96. 54   - History Hero MotoCorp was started in 1984 as Hero Honda Motors Ltd. 1956 Formation of  Hero Cycles  in Ludhiana(majestic auto limited) * 1975 Hero Cycles becomes largest bicycle manufacturer in India. * 1983 Joint Collaboration Agreement with  Honda Motor  Co. Ltd. Japan signed Shareholders Agreement signed * 1984 Hero Honda Motors Ltd. incorporated * 1985 Hero Honda motorcycle CD 100 launched. * 1989 Hero Honda motorcycle Sleek launched. * 1991 Hero Honda motorcycle CD 100 SS launched. * 1994   Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor  launched. * 1997 Hero Honda motorcycle Street launc hed. * 1999   Hero Honda motorcycle CBZ  launched. 2001   Hero Honda motorcycle Passion  and Hero Honda Joy launched. * 2002 Hero Honda motorcycle Dawn and Hero Honda motorcycle Ambition launched. * 2003 Hero Honda , motorcycle CD Dawn, Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor, Hero Honda motorcycle Passion Plus and  Hero Honda motorcycle Karizma  launched. * 2004 Hero Honda motorcycle Ambition 135 and Hero Honda motorcycle CBZ* launched. * 2005 Hero Honda motorcycle Super Splendor, Hero Honda motorcycle CD Deluxe, Hero Honda motorcycle Glamour, Hero Honda motorcycle Achiever and Hero Honda Scooter Pleasure. 2007 New Models of Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor NXG, New Models of Hero Honda motorcycle CD Deluxe, New Models of Hero Honda motorcycle Passion Plus and  Hero Honda motorcycle Hunk  launched. * 2008 New Models of Hero Honda motorcycles Pleasure,  CBZ Xtreme, Glamour, Glamour Fi and Hero Honda motorcycle Passion Pro launched. * 2009 New Models of  Hero Honda mo torcycle Karizma:Karizma ZMR and limited edition of  Hero Honda motorcycle Hunk  launched * 2010 New Models of Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor Pro and  New  Hero Honda motorcycle Hunk  and  New  Hero Honda Motorcycle Super Splendor launched. 2011 New Models of Hero Honda motorcycles Glamour, Glamour FI, CBZ Xtreme, Karizma launched. New licensing arrangement signed between Hero and Honda. * August 2011 Hero and Honda part company, thus forming Hero MotoCorp and  Honda  moving out of the Hero Honda joint venture. * November 2011 Hero launched its first ever Off Road Bike Named Hero Impulse CHAIRMAN’S PROFILE |   | Dr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal Dont dream if you cant fulfill your dreams Brijmohan Lall Munjal is often fond of saying. The founder and patriarch of the $3. 2 billion Hero Group is your classic first generation entrepreneur. He is a man who started small, dreamt big and used a combination of grit and perseverance to create one of the countrys largest corporate groups and the Worlds No. 1 Two Wheeler Company. | | | Instinctive from a young age, Brijmohan Lall made a rather unusual start in life. Around the time when the freedom movement in India was taking shape in the late 1920s, he walked into a newly opened Gurukul (Indian heritage school) near his home in Kamalia (now in Pakistan). He was only six years old then. Thus began an extraordinary tale of courage and perseverance. Brijmohan began his business story after partition in 1947, when he and his brothers relocated to Ludhiana. The family set up a company that provided poor people with basic transport (cycles). Three decades later, as India evolved, he added a second crucial chapter which visualized affordable and technologically superior transport to millions of middle class Indians. The rest is history. Building Relationships When Brijmohan and his brothers started out, there was no concept of organized dealer networks. Companies just produced, and most dealers functioned like traders. Brijmohan changed the rules of the business by trusting his gut instincts; introducing business norms that were ahead of their time, and by investing in strategic relationships. Brijmohan built a series of bonds and networks with hundreds of family members, vendors, dealers and employees. Much like the Japanese keiretsu system, these networks are now the glue that holds the Hero Group together. Thanks to the relationships that we have nurtured so passionately in the Hero Family, the younger generations of some of our bicycle dealers have become dealers of Hero MotoCorp. These relationships have survived through generations through bad times and good times the patriarch now reminiscences. Besides bonding with his vendors and dealers, Brijmohan has been personally responsible for kindling a spirit of entrepreneurship amongst his employees, and today, 40 of his former employees are successful entrepreneurs. Staying Ahead Though not technically qualified in the conventional sense, few of his contemporaries have understood the dynamics of technology better than Brijmohan Lall has. He could always visualize the applicability of technology before others could. For example, in the 1980s, when all two-wheeler companies in India opted for two-stroke engine technology, Brijmohan preferred a four-stroke engine a technology that dramatically increased fuel efficiency and reduced maintenance costs. This technology was one of the biggest reasons for Hero MotoCorps stupendous success. A Corporate Citizen A frugal upbringing and a value system modeled on the famous Gurukul system which stresses the sanctity of the teacher-pupil relationship imbibed in Brijmohan a strong sense of social commitment and responsibility. There is a special place in his heart for Ludhiana, the city where he took roots. Today, Ludhiana is a modern, bustling city, but Brijmohan has played no mean role in its evolution. Several schools and educational institutions in Ludhiana owe their existence to the Munjal family. The Ludhiana Stock Exchange owes its existence to Brijmohans vision as does the Ludhiana Flying Club. Hes also set up the not-for-profit Dayanand Medical College and Hospital-an institute now rated as one of the best medical colleges in India, in terms of infrastructure, quality of staff and alumni profile. In and around Dharuhera, near the first Hero MotoCorp plant, Brijmohan and his family have left their stamp of philanthropy. The Raman Kant Munjal Foundation which Brijmohan set up in memory of his eldest son, today runs a higher secondary school and a very modern and well-equipped 100-bed hospital at Dharuhera. The group has also adopted numerous villages and provides education, vocational training, drinking water, roads, streetlights and sewerage. Dr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal Chairman Message from Management What the caterpillar calls the end the rest of the world calls a butterfly. ~Lao Tzu~ Constant improvement has been the key fuel that has powered the engines of this company since inception. Happily, we are now building on that momentum to go further in our journey of market leadership and corporate excellence. After forging together one of the worlds most prolific and successful joint ventures for over two and a half decades, and becoming Desh ki Dhadkan we at Hero are now poise d to prove ourselves on the global arena. We are pleased to announce that Hero Honda Motors Ltd. is now Hero MotoCorp Ltd. The new name is reflective of our belief in ourselves and our focus on mobility and technology. In this endeavor, our domain knowledge of the market, our customer-centric approach, our world class manufacturing facilities processes, our committed and skilled personnel, our seamless integrated supply chain and our strong relationships with all stakeholders will hold us in good stead. On the technology front, our existing R D facility is being rapidly upgraded with support, where required, from global experts and technology providers. As we embark on this novel journey with a new identity, we shall continue to set new benchmarks for the industry. We shall develop new and cutting-edge products at a faster pace and aggressively expand our footprint outside India. Yes, a new day has dawned and a new Hero is rising. We know we can count on your blessings and continued endorsement of the Company and its products. Best, Pawan Munjal Dr. Brijmohan Lall Milestones 1983 Joint Collaboration Agreement with Honda Motor Co. Ltd. Japan signed Shareholders Agreement signed 1984 Hero Honda Motors Ltd. ncorporated 1985 First motorcycle CD 100 rolled out 1987 100,000th motorcycle produced 1989 New motorcycle model Sleek introduced 1991 New motorcycle model CD 100 SS introduced 500,000th motorcycle produced 1992 Raman Munjal Vidya Mandir inaugurated A School in the memory of founder Managing Director, Mr. Raman Kant Munjal 1994 New motorcycle model Splendor introduced 1,000,000th motorcycle produced 1997 New motorcycle model St reet introduced Hero Hondas 2nd manufacturing plant at Gurgaon inaugurated 1998 2,000,000th motorcycle produced 999 New motorcycle model CBZ introduced Environment Management System of Dharuhera Plant certified with ISO-14001 by DNV Holland Raman Munjal Memorial Hospital inaugurated A Hospital in the memory of founder Managing Director, Mr. Raman Kant Munjal 2000 4,000,000th motorcycle produced Environment Management System of Gurgaon Plant certified ISO-14001 by DNV Holland   Splendor declared World No. 1 largest selling single two-wheeler model   Hero Honda Passport Programme CRM Programme launched 2001 New motorcycle model Passion introduced One million production in one single year New motorcycle model Joy introduced 5,000,000th motorcycle produced 2002 New motorcycle model Dawn introduced New motorcycle model Ambition introduced Appointed Virender Sehwag, Mohammad Kaif, Yuvraj Singh, Harbhajan Singh and Zaheer Khan as Brand Ambassadors 2003 Becomes the first Indian Company to cross the cumulative 7 million sales mark Splendor has emerged as the Worlds largest selling model for the third calendar year in a row (2000, 2001, 2002) New motorcycle model CD Dawn introduced New motorcycle model Splendor + introduced New motorcycle model Passion Plus introduced New motorcycle model Karizma introduced 2004 New motorcycle model Ambition 135 introduced Hero Honda became the World No. 1 Company for the third consecutive year. Crossed sales of over 2 million units in a single year, a global record. Splendor Worlds largest selling motorcycle crossed the 5 million mark New motorcycle model CBZ* introduced Joint Technical Agreement renewed Total sales crossed a record of 10 million motorcycles 2005 Hero Honda is the World No. for the 4th year in a row New motorcycle model Super Splendor introduced New motorcycle model CD Deluxe introduced New motorcycle model Glamour introduced New motorcycle model Achiever introduced First Scooter model from Hero Honda Pleasure introduced 2006 Hero Honda is the World No. 1 for the 5th year in a row 15 million production milestone achieved 2006 Hero Honda is the World No. 1 for the 5th year in a row 15 million product ion milestone achieved 2007 Hero Honda is the World No. 1 for the 6th year in a row New Splendor NXG launched New CD Deluxe launched New Passion Plus launched New motorcycle model Hunk launched 20 million production milestone achieved 2008 Hero Honda Haridwar Plant inauguration New Pleasure launched Splendor NXG lauched with power start feature New motorcycle model Passion Pro launched New CBZ Xtreme launched 25 million production milestone achieved CD Deluxe lauched with power start feature New Glamour launched New Glamour Fi launched 2009 Hero Honda GoodLife Program launched Hunk (Limited Edition) launched Splendor completed 11 million production landmark New motorcycle model Karizma ZMR launched Silver jubilee celebrations 2010 New model Splendor Pro launched Launch of new Super Splendor and New Hunk 2011 New licensing arrangement signed between Hero and Honda Launch of new refreshed versions of Glamour, Glamour FI, CBZ Xtreme, Karizma Crosses the landmark figure of 5 million cumulative sales in a single year AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENTS 2011 Two-wheeler Manufacturer of the Year award by Bike India magazine. Adjudged the Bike Manufacturer of the Year at the Economic Times ZigWheels Car and Bike Awards.    CNBC Awaaz   Storyboard special commendation for Effective rebranding of a new corporate entity by CNBC Awaaz Consumer Awards   Most Recommended Two-Wheeler Brand of the Year  award by CNBC Awaaz Consumer Awards    Colloquy Loyalty Awards  Innovation in Loyalty Marketing International 2011  for Hero GoodLife   Best Activity Generating Short or Long-Term Brand Loyalty  by the Promotion Marketing Award of Asia Order o f Merit for Hero GoodLife    Ranked No 1 brand in the Auto (Two-Wheelers) category in the Brand Equity  Most Trusted Brand2011 survey 010 Rated as Top Indian Company in Automobile Two Wheelers sector by Dun Bradstreet Rolta Corporate Awards 2009   Most Preferred Brand of Two-Wheelers award at the CNBC Awaaz Consumer Awards. Adjudged at top of the two-wheeler category in the Brand Equity Most Trusted Brands 2010 Survey. Ranked No. Most Trusted Brand across categories amongst Young Adult Males   Company of the Year  awarded by Economic Times Awards for Corporate Excellence 2008-09. CNBC TV18 Overdrive Awards 2010  Hall of Fame to Splendor NDTV Profit Car Bike Awards 2010 * Two-wheeler Manufacturer of the Year * CnB Viewers Choice Two-wheeler of the Year (Karizma ZMR) * Bike Maker of the Year  by ET-ZigWheels Car ; Bike of the Year Awards 2009 2009 Two-wheeler Manufacturer of the Year  by NDTV Profit Car Bike Awards 2009 and Passion Pro adjudged as CNB Viewers Choice two-wheeler Top Indian Company under the Automobile Two-wheelers sector bythe Dun Bradstreet-Rolta Corporate Awards Won Gold in the Readers  Digest Trusted Brand 2009  in the Motorcycles category NDTV Profit Business Leadership Awards 2009   two-wheeler category 2008 NDTV Profit Business Leadership Award 2008   Hero Honda Wins the Coveted NDTV Profit Business Leadership Award 2008 TopGear Design Awards 2008   Hunk Bike of the Year Award NDTV Profit Car India Bike India Awards   NDTV Viewers Choice Award to Hunk in Bike categoryIndiaTimes Mindscape and Savile Row ( A Forbes Group Venture ) Loyalty Awards   Customer and Brand Loyalty Award in Automobile (two-wheeler) sector   Asian Retail Congress Award for Retail Excellence  (Strategies and Solutions of business innovation and transformation) Best Customer Loyalty Program in Automobile category   NDTV Profit Car India Bike India Awards Bike Manufacturer of the year   Overdrive Magazine   Bike Manufacturer of the year TNS Voice of the Customer Awards: * No. executive motorcycle Splendor NXG * No. 1 standard motorcycle CD Deluxe * No. premium motorcycle CBZ Xtreme 2007 The NDTV Profit Car India Bike India Awards 2007 in the following category: * Overall Bike of the Year CBZ X-treme * Bike of the Year CBZ X-treme (up to 150 cc category) * Bike Technology of the Year Glamout PGM FI Auto Tech of the Year Glamout PGM FI by Overdrive Magazine. Bike of the Year CBZ X-treme by Overdrive Magazine. Ranked CBZ X-treme Bike of the Year by B S Motoring Magazine   Most Trusted Company , by TNS Voice of the Customer Awards 2006. CD Deluxe rated as No 1 standard motorcycle by TNS Voice of the Customer Awards 2006. 2006 Adjudged 7th Top Indian Company by Wallstreet Journal Asia (Top Indian Two Wheeler Company). One of the 8 Indian companies to enter the Forbes top 200 list of worlds most reputed companies. No. 1 in automobile industry by TNS Corporate Social Responsibility Award. Best in its class awards for each category by TNS Total Customer Satisfaction Awards 2006: * Splendor Plus (Executive) * CD Deluxe (Entry) * Pleasure (Gearless Scooters) Splendor ; Passion Top two models in two wheeler category by ET Brand Equity Survey 2006. Adjudged 7th Top Indian Company by Wallstreet Journal Asia (Top Indian Two Wheeler Company). Top Indian company in the Automobile Two Wheeler sector by Dun ; Bradstreet   American Express Corporate Awards 2006. Hero Honda Splendor rated as Indias most preferred two-wheeler brand at the  Awaaz Consumer Awards 2006. Certificate of Export Excellence for outstanding export performance during 2003-04 for two-wheeler three- wheelers Complete (Non SSI) by Engineering Export Promotion Council. The NDTV Profit Car India Bike India Awards 2006 in the following category: * Bike Maker of the Year * Bike of the Year Achiever * Bike of the Year Achiever (up to 150 cc category) * Bike of the Year Glamour (up to 125 cc category) * NDTV Viewers Choice Award to Glamour in the bike category 2005 Awaaz Consumer Awards 2005 Indias most preferred two-wheeler brand by CNBC in the Automobiles category. Bike Maker of the Year Award by Overdrive Magazine. ICWAI National Award for Excellence (Second) in Cost Management 2004 in the private sector category by ICWAI. 0th Motilal Oswal Wealth Creator Award for as the most consistent wealth creator for the period 1991-2005. 2004 Winner of the Review 200 Asias Leading Companies Award (3rd Rank amongst the top 10 Indian companies). GVC Level 1 (Highest Rating) by CRISIL for corporate Governance. Adjudged as the Best Value Creator Large Size Companies 2003-04 by The Outlook Money. Corporate Excellence Award 2004 by Indian Institute of Materia ls Management. Adjudged as the Organization with Innovative HR Practices by HT Power Jobs for HR Excellence. ICSI National Award for Excellence in Corporate Governance 2004 by The Institute of Company Secretaries of India. 2003 Winner of the Review 200 Asia s Leading Companies Award (3rd Rank amongst the top 10 Indian companies). Most Respected Company in Automobile Sector by Business World. Bike Maker of the Year by Overdrive Magazine. 2002 Bike Maker of the Year by Overdrive Magazine. Winner of the Review 200 Asia s Leading Companies Award (4th Rank amongst the top 10 Indian companies). Company of the Year of ET Awards for Corporate Excellence. Ranked 4th in Overall Best Managed Company category, ranked 3rd in Best Financial Management and Best Operational Efficiency category, ranked 6th in Overall Best Investor Relations category, by Asiamoney. Highest Wealth Creating Company of the Year Award by the Money. GVC Level 1 (Highest Rating) by CRISIL for Corporate Governance. 2001 Bike Maker of the Year by Overdrive Magazine. Winner of the Review 200 Asia s Leading Companies Award (9th Rank amongst the top 10 Indian Companies). Winner of Three Leaves Award for showing Corporate Environment Responsibility in the Automobile Sector by Centre for Science Environment. 1999 National Productivity Award for the Best Productivity Award in the category of Automobile Tractor presented by Vice President of India. 1995 The Analyst Award 1995 presented to Hero Honda Motors Ltd. on being ranked 9th amongst the most investor rewarding companies in India. National Award for outstanding contribution to the Development of Indian Small Scale Industry (NSIC Award Presented by President of India). 1991 Economic Times-Harvard Business School Award for Corporate Performance to Hero Honda Motors Ltd. P’s of Hero Moto Corp 1. Product 2. Price 3. Place 4. Promotion 1. Product: Hero MotoCorp offers wide range of two wheeler products that include motorcycles and scooters, and has set the industry standards across all the market segments. 2. Price: Hero MotoCorp offers wide range of two wheeler products that include from low cost bikes to high end bikes. They create bikes for all segment of the society. 3. Place: The Companys growth in the t wo wheeler market in India is the result of an intrinsic ability to increase reach in new geographies and growth markets. Hero MotoCorps extensive sales and service network now spans over to 5000 customer touch points. These comprise a mix of authorized dealerships, service spare parts outlets, and dealer-appointed outlets across the country. with termination of contract with Honda motors Hero MotoCorp can go to international market like Latin America and Sri-lanka. 4. Promotion:Hero Honda event sponsorship, Fill it-Shut it-Forgot It campaign,Dhak Dhak Go campaign, Celebrity Endorsement,Why Should boys Have All the fun and the latest one Hum Mein Hai Hero Are few Promotional strategies of HeroMotoCorp Fill it-Shut it-Forget it Dhak Dhak Go Celebrity endorsement Why should boys have all the fun Hum Mein Hai Hero these were the few Advertising strategy of HeroMotoCorp. Appart from these strategy HeroMotoCorp also have Promotion schemes like Test Rides on Products, Easy Finance, Sponsorship, Quick Availability of product which makes them unique in the market. VISION The story of Hero Honda began with a simple vision the vision of a mobile and an empowered India, powered by its bikes. Hero MotoCorp Ltd. companys new identity, reflects its commitment towards providing world class mobility solutions with renewed focus on expanding companys footprint in the global arena. MISSION Hero MotoCorps mission is to become a global enterprise fulfilling its customers needs and aspirations for mobility, setting benchmarks in technology, styling and quality so that it converts its customers into its brand advocates. The company will provide an engaging environment for its people to perform to the ir true potential. It will continue its focus on value creation and enduring relationships with its partners STRATEGY Hero MotoCorps key strategies are to build a robust product portfolio across categories, explore growth opportunities globally, continuously improve its operational efficiency, aggressively expand its reach to customers, continue to invest in brand building activities and ensure customer and shareholder delight. Product Information And Product Mix * Achiever * Ambition 133, Ambition 135 * CBZ, CBZ Star,  CBZ Xtreme * CD 100, CD 100 SS, CD Dawn, CD Deluxe, CD Deluxe (Self Start) * Glamour, Glamour F. I * Hunk * Karizma, Karizma R, Karizma ZMR FI * Passion, Passion+, Passion Pro Pleasure * Splendor, Splendor+, Splendor+ (Limited Edition), Super Splendor, Splendor NXG,Splendor PRO * Impulse ACHIEVER features 5-Spoke, black alloy wheels. Best mileage in 150cc category. ATFT 150cc  Engine for the perfect balance of high power and fuel economy Specially designed seat for the great riding experience. Puncture resistant tuff-up tube COLours PRICE FOR MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Self Start 5 8,653 66,791 CBZ XTREME FEATURE New digital – Analog combo meter console All secure ignition switch with key shutter Diamond lustre headlight Anti drag fuel tank spoke wheels ; front and rear disc brakes. Prism shell LED tail lamp COLOUR PRICE in MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Self Start 58,653 66,791 CD DAWN FEATURES A new engine for better performance. Powerful headlight provides much improved visibility. New and advanced adjustable shock absorbers. Extra-wide seats for extra riding comfort. Padlock provision for theft security. Matte black for style ; good looks. Stylish muffler protector. Attractive graphics. COLOURS PRICE in MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Spoke Wheel 36,179 41,703 CD DELUX FEATURES New engine for enhanced performance ; stress-free ride. Trapezoidal multi-reflector headlight for enhanced visibility provides better safety ; trendy trapezoidal shape lends more appeal to the bike. Broad visor with aerodynamic shape. Cool 3D graphics ; knee grip makes the bike look very attractive ; a comfortable seating posture provides a stress-free ride. Extra wide seat, more seating space provides better riding comfort for both. COLOUR PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Spoke Wheel 36,179 41,703 GLAMOUR FEATURES Scintillating new graphics. All new stylish visor and headlights. Edgy new muffler cover. Eye catching digital analog combo meter console. All new aerodynamic air scoop shrouds. COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Drum 51,703 58,550 Disc 53,700 60,722 GLAMOUR FI FEATURES Edgy new visor and headlight. Real time mileage indicator. Bank angle sensor. New digital analog combo meter console Stunning new graphics. COLOURS PRICE in MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Drum 57,640 65,008 Disc 61,844 69,580 HUNK FEATURES Flared fenders and tubeless tyres Contured visior Analog-Digital speed panel in chrome-tinged flame orange console Red Hot LED tail light Ridged muffler cover with front and rear disc brakes. COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Single Disc 65,263 73,270 Double Disc 68,416 76,700 KARIZMA FEATURES Exciting new graphics Sporty undercowl Large diameter front-wheel disk brake Enhanced visor COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Black Cast 79,393 88,942 Red Cast 80,193 89,742 KARIZMA ZMR FEATURES Astra gold front and rear disc plates. Aerodynamic design for superior handling at high speeds Multi – Functional digital console with blue iIIumination and personalised message. Sporty full body cowl with body-coloured rear-view mirrors. Excellent visibility and less prone to damage High intensite integrated LED tail light with integrated clear lens indicators COLOURS PRICE in MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Cast Wheel 100,200 111,571 Passion Pro FEATURES Digital-Analog speedometer Stylish visor with black-tinted windscreen ; clear–lens indicator Radical twin bulb tall light Stylish new generation graphics New age high performance APDV engine Front disc option COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Cast Self 49,759 56,436 Spoke Self 48,708 55,293 PLEASURE FEATURES Exciting body graphics. Less turning radius Smooth suspension system New meter console Puncture-Resistant tuff up tube Trendy rear grip; modern tail light Powerful 100cc engine; gearless transmission with light-weight ABS body Wide seat; large under-seat box Extra leg room. Maintenance-Free battery COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Pleasure 42,916 48,949 SPLENDOR FEATURES Next generation aerodynamic design with Black alloy wheels Next generation attractive meter console and visor Power start Next generation styling Next generation advanced pro series APDV engine for better power, better mileage ; better acceleration Next generation clear lens winkers COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroomOn Road Cast Self 46,186 52,550 Spoke Self 45,135 51,407 SPLENDOR + FEATURES Exciting new body graphics Powerful multireflector headlight, tail light and indicators Stylish new alloy wheels Better suspension Carrier as part of standard equipment COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI | ExShowroom| On Road| Cast Wheel|   44,400|   50,607| Spoke Wheel|   43,349|   49,464| SPLENDOR PRO FEATURES Stylish meter console Exciting new body graphics Stylish new alloy wheels Power start COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI ExShowroom| On Road| Cast Self|   47,552|   54,036| Spoke Self|   46,501|   51,893| ALL THE ABOVE PRODUCTWERE WITH THE BRAND NAME HERO-HONDA AFTER RE-BRANDING THEY HAVE ONLY LAUNCHED ONE BIKE UNDER BRAND HERO NAMED HERO-IMPULSE HERO IMPULSE FEATURES High torque ATFT engine and high ground clearance for rough terrain riding Raised fender and large diameter front wheel with â€Å"stud pattern’ type tyres Sturdier front suspension with long stroke and large front disc brake for cross country riding Nitrox gas-filled mono shock rear suspension Straight pull spokes at the rear for touch terrains Low maintenance seal endless drive chain Digital-analog combo meter console with ‘service due’ indicator Sharp edgy graphics Motocross seat Sporty high mount muffler COLOURS PRICE IN MUMBAI | ExShowroom| On Road| Single Disc|   69,963|   78,330|

Treasury Securities and Stocks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Treasury Securities and Stocks - Essay Example This paper highlights that the U.S. Treasury Securities are accredited the U.S. government, and thus they are considered risk-free. The U.S. Treasury market is liquid and large with an agreement of an active repurchase in place. In addition, the faith placed on a security market depends on the credit rating of a nation, which is based on the borrowing and repayment history of the government. The repayment ability is based on the economic strength of the country. On the same vein, the U.S. has been rated under the highest credit ratings, AAA, by Standard and Poor’s, a credit rating institution. This positive rating is attributed to the fact that the U.S. is the most powerful economy across the globe. Given this, the Treasury securities of the U.S. are deemed to be risk-free and policy analysts, macroeconomic builders, investment bankers and financial analysts trust the U.S. Treasury Security rates when developing their forecast models. The rates on the U.S. Treasury Securities have an impact on the financial conditions throughout the world. As the study outlines   the repayment of the U.S. government’s debt can be hindered by a massive economic downturn. Despite its occurrence in rare circumstances, an economic downturn hit the U.S. in the form of a world-wide financial crisis in 2008. It was thought that this would make the benchmark rates of the U.S. Treasury to cease being risk-free. Nevertheless, the U.S. government upheld its faithfulness with its investors by purchasing some of the securities that it had issued. Besides, the government printed additional money and increased taxes so as to finance its debts.

Annotated bibliograpghy Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bibliograpghy - Annotated Bibliography Example 1996) highlights the communication system used in China. This article speaks of a market survey that was conducted by Lingdian Research, Beijing in Aug. 1996 that found that about 4% of China’s high income group to have become avid email users. The survey also found that about 80% of Chinese people make use of the internet for only email. This has resulted in a drop of using the World Wide Web in China. Sendall, D.M. (1997). â€Å"The future of the World Wide Web and its impact on our institutions†. Portland Press Ltd. Retrieved on March 11, 2009 from www.portlandpress.com/pp/books/online/tiepac/session1/ch6.htm This article speaks of the advancement in technology in relation to the World Wide Web and the impact it has on the various institutions especially in the case of publishing and the rest of the academic community. Sendall, D.M (1997) is of the opinion, that the Web could have a very profound effect on traditional